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George Berkeley (1685 - 1753)| Subjective Idealism

Berkeley’s Arguments for Immaterialism. Pains and itches are typical sensations, and no one supposes that they could exist apart from a subject that experiences them. Rocks do not suffer, and water does not itch. When, therefore, sensible things such as colours, sounds, tangible shapes, tastes, and smells are called ideas, they are assimilated with sensations and hence relate to the

Whatever is not being actually perceived by human beings, but is only perceptible by them, must be an object of perception by “some other spirit.” This other mind is God; and thus, according to Berkeley, the existence of sensible things when not being perceived by finite spirits is a proof of the existence of an infinite spirit who perceives them

Berkeley’s Philosophy of Nature and Mathematics. Berkeley carried on a persistent battle against the tendency to suppose that mere abstractions are real things. In the New Theory of Vision he denied the possibility of “extension in abstract,” saying: “A line or surface which is neither black, nor white, nor blue, nor yellow, etc., nor long, nor short, nor rough, nor

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